In Japan, installed capacity of variable renewable generation (VRG) is rapidly increasing. Through the efforts to make VRG into one of main power resource, vehicle-to-grid (V2G) is considered as an effective source of flexibility, which is concerned to lack under large amount of VRG. In this study, we analyze the cost reduction effect of using V2G as system flexibility through calculation of day-ahead unit commitment (UC) in Kyushu area. To consider uncertainty of day-ahead UC, we calculate UC simulation with operation reserve requirement considering day-ahead forecast error of photovoltaic (PV) generation, followed by economic dispatch (ED) simulation using actual PV generation. V2G as load frequency control (LFC) reduces operation cost especially when demand is low, even with 180,000EVs. Cost reduction per EV is about 20∼80JPY/day with 180,000EVs, which saturates if more EV participates in the control. V2G as operation reserve reduces discharge from EV for about 0.5∼1.5kWh/day/EV, which results in reducing degradation of EV battery.
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