化膿症の細菌學的免疫學的研究

(第3報) 主にブドー球菌の生体内変異について

抄録

While numbers of papers are publicated on variation of staphylococci in vitro, only few was done in vivo previously.
Author has publicated in his second paper the experimental evidence that an antibody-like substanses, which is capable of agglutinating or precipitating the causal microorganisms, is to be proved in the pus, and also the opinion that the variation of staphylococci in host, should be studied from the view point of resistance to antibiotics.
The reason why the staphylococci was taken up as a substrate is due to the facility of distinguishing the color and the hemolysis of the colonies, and moreover to the commonness of this micro-organisms, as a causative agent in the suppurative lesion.
Materials are pus, granulation, and exudate from the abscess, urine, blood, and pleural exudate etc.
These materials from some patients were cultured on the horse blood agar plate from day to day, and in addition to the studies on the number of colonies and the biological characters, the color, hemolysis, mannitol fermentation, plasma coagulation, and the condition of growth on the Löffler's serum slant were observed.
Immunologically, Cowan's slide agglutination on one hand, and the “wetting filter-paper method” measuring growth inhibiting zone in comparison with standard staphylococcus 209 p, was adopted on the other, for the search of penicillin-sensitivity.
In all 97 cases are studied, and the details are summarised as follows:
1) In the rate of 1:3, no change of p-sensitivity of staph. aureus hemolyticus was occured.
2) Definite changes in color and hemolysis without the change of sensitivity to penicillin occured in 1:5.
3) Throughout the course of experiment, gradual decline of the penicillin sensitivity into the confirmed resistance (1000x) were noted in 13 cases, together with change of colors and hemolysis.
4) In two cases, the first p-resistant strain of the staphh aureus hemolyticus changed its sensitivity to penicillin with simultaneous change of color and hemolysis, and the second chan-ged its sensitivity without accompanying the change of color and hemolysis. There is no relation between penicillin treatment and occurence of p-resistant strain.
In 7 cases it was observed the small thin translucent colonies which we called “minute-form”in the mixed or pure culture, these strains were proved to be of a variant of the staphylococci, biologically and immunologically.
This minute-fobm can not be induced by the effect of penicillin, however, the similar variant could be produced from the culture of the minimal-growth-inhibitory-density of streptomycin.
Therefore, the fact, that, as author has pointed out on the general meeting of the 25th Japanese Bacteriological Society, before 3 years, penicillinase producing staphylococci were found very few, in spite of the recent increase of its occurrence; if we assume it as the consequence of the adaptation of staphylococci to the environment, the variation of staphylococcies in viva, should not be catched as the fixed phenomena, but to be studied always as a dynamic feature changing in time itself.
These conclusion iss in accordance with the idea, in respect to the recent currency of the antibiotics-treatment, the study of the variation in vitro or in vivo of the causal microorganism are always to be studied in the correlation of the clinical feature, the idea of which is just the problem of to-morrow