A microstrip array antenna excited by a cavity with a dielectric filler is proposed. The element spacing of the array antenna can be controlled by choosing the dielectric constant in the cavity. In this report, the electric field distribution in the cavity is calculated by using the TM0n0 mode analysis. The results are compared with the experimental results. Prototype antennas with 18 elements and 19 elements yield a gain of 16.8 dBi and 17.6 dBi, respectively.