Theory and procedures for analyzing and forecasting the fluctuation behavior of ground water with models are proposed and explained in this report.1) Elements of the models
The models of the aquifer consist of cylinders, connection pipes and water contained in all these vessels.
Four basic types of cylinder are presented here, each type representing one of the different types of aquifers containing the ground water. Each connection pipe connects two cylinders and expresses a thin hole through which the ground water flows. Each connection pipe has a characteristic physical quantity representing the ease of passage of the flow. The water level in a cylinder expresses a ground water level in an aquifer. The behavior of ground water is to be simulated here by the rules of calculation governing the water flow in the models.
2) 'he behavior of the ground water in an area
The aquifers in an area can be expressed with a few cylinders connected with pipes. After assuming the value of the characteristic physical quantity of each pipe, the initial value of the water level in each cylinder, the supply from surface water, etc., the discharge per nnit time through each pipe, the water level in each cylinder after a unit time and other values can be calculated. By repeating identical calculations as many times as required, the fluctuation behavior within a period can be calculated. If no close agreements exist between observed and calculated results, the same trial calculations should be repeated with different assumptions until a close agreement is obtained.
3) Idealized models
Several idealized models were conposed, and various behavior of ground water often observed in field were qualitatively explained with them.
4) Examples
A few examples of the fluctuation behavior observed in field were analyzed in the manner described in 2), and close agreements between observed and calculated results were obtained.
