絶望感理論の因果分析: ストレス反応に及ぼす素質と近接要因の効果

抄録

The present article looks at the validity of the hopelessness theory of depression, through an investigation of the effects of the optimistic/pessimistic diathesis, the causal explanation of actual stress, and coping mechanisms for stressful events upon the stress responses of undergraduate students. The first study, which aimed to reveal the interaction between diathesis and stress without a mediator, shows the significant effect of diathesis-stress interaction to stress responses. The second study conducted a path analysis to examine the causal validity of the hopelessness model. The results indicate that pessimistic subjects adopt a pessimistic causal explanation and negative coping strategy for an actual stress, whereas optimistic subjects use emotion-focused coping to reduce stress responses towards actual negative events. These results suggest that optimism/pessimism underlies stress responses through the causal explanation of actual stress and coping strategy.