Abstract
Salinity and drought are important factors limiting crop productivity. Important aspect of the harmful effects of salt is a violation of metabolic processes. To improve the nutrition of winter wheat through the root system and leaf has developed a new biotechnology of cultivation of wheat on saline soils. Biotechnology is based on the application of biopreparation Rizokom-2 based on the salt-tolerant phosphorus and potassium mobilizing rhizobacteria of wheat for pre-sowing treatment of seeds. When applied Rizokom-2 microflora of soil balanced, as result were increased contents of mobile forms of soil ammonia nitrogen by 3.4 mg/kg, the phosphorus by 7.9 mg/kg, potassium 3.3 mg/kg, were reduced total contents of toxic salts at 0.20 - 0.34%, and at alkaline pH from 8.3 to 7.8, was improved the fertility of saline soils. For foliar application applied biopreparation Serhosil which based on the green microalgae g. Scenedesmus. Integrated application of biopreparations established a balance of nutrients in the soil and metabolism in winter wheat. As a result, developed a strong root system in wheat, improved consumption of water and nutrients from the soil, improved the processes of photosynthesis and supplying of organic matter from leaves, increases plant resistance to salinity and drought. Increased germination of seeds on saline soils stimulates plant growth and development of wheat increased grain yield. Increased germination of seeds in saline soils stimulated the growth and development of winter wheat. Weight of 1000 seeds was higher by 9.1 g, grain yield by 0.4-0.5 t / ha in comparison with traditional sowing.
