地方都市における乗合タクシー事業をめぐる住民と行政の協働

──日立市坂下地区「みなみ号」を事例として──

抄録

　The abolition of supply-and-demand adjustment regulation by revisions of public transport act leads to decrease/discontinuance of local trains and buses. As a result, in local provinces which are faced with aging and decreasing of the population, the size of vehicle is getting smaller from trains into buses, then into taxis. There come to be seen so-called unconventional transport services such as demand taxis and voluntary car pools.

　This paper takes up community transport in rural area, and argues the epoch and process of collaboration between community and local government as follows: (1) the development and logic of petition movement after the abolition of public transport, (2) the impact of deregulation to local government and the social experiment of community transport, (3) the logic of administration and its organizational change towards institutionalizing community transport, (4) the logic of agreement among residents about cost sharing for community transport. Through the description and analysis, this paper aims to make clear the meaning of ‘new publicness,’ which involves the complementary solution by both community and local government.