The Act on Special Measures against Vacant Houses was revised. This initiative is an extension of the ``vacant housing policy as a countermeasure against external diseconomies''. Vacant housing policy, such as measures to tax vacant houses, are also being implemented in Europe and the United States. However, these policies are market structure policies that aim to improve residents' affordability by returning unused resources to the market. In Japan's major metropolitan areas, it is necessary to consider vacant housing policy as part of market structure policy.