沖縄の泉水施設の変遷とムラの戦略

沖縄県糸満市与座ガーの戦後

抄録

　　　　This paper aims to explore the reasons behind the appearance of unattractive and formalized parks in rural Japanese communities, especially in those wherein community members enthusiastically participate in the planning of the recreation and leisure areas. Traditionally, rural communities in Japan have been characterized by clear boundaries and strong institutions such as Jichikai , having maintained a Gemeinschaft society. In this paper, we analyze the village of Yoza in the southern area of Okinawa’s main island. In 1944, 41% of the villagers were killed during the invasion of the US Army. However, even after losing many community members, these villages have restructured their organizations and have carefully restored and maintained their common buildings and fields during the more than 50 years that have passed since World War II. Usually, parks that have no historical or regional identity and have impersonal atmospheres are planned by the administrative offices of local governments. However, in a few cases, unattractive parks arise even when community members are actively involved in their planning. The Yoza community is such a case. An analysis of the community’s involvement in the planning of park areas revealed two direct reasons, namely, the subsidy system of the central government and the occupation by the Allied Forces, and one fundamental reason, that is, the values of its inhabitants.