Abstract
This paper conducts a comparative analysis of the legal frameworks, taking as case studies Japan’s "Basic Act on Space" and "AI Act, " both of which are positioned as "Basic Acts. " Space development and AI technologies are also cutting-edge fields characterized by intensifying technological innovation and international competition among nations. Furthermore, this paper clarifies, in particular, how the approaches to addressing "risk" and "uncertainty" and to promoting "innovation" are embodied in the legal structures and contents of these fundamental laws. Based on that, this paper identifies the commonalities and differences between the institutional frameworks of the "Basic Space Law" and the "AI Law." Finally, the study presented a new perspective based on legal policy studies regarding Japan's legal framework for advanced science and technology, and identified fundamental issues requiring resolution in the future as well as specific policy implications.
