抄録
The purpose of this paper is to analyze the importance of regular personnel transfers of teachers in local educational administration of Japanese public schools. In many studies of organizations in Japanese public schools, personnel transfers of principals, vice-principals, and teachers have not investigated in detail. These studies are supposedly based on the organizational stationafy of public schools. But actually, teachers in Japanese public schools transfer to other schools regularly due to the administrative policy about once every five years. For each school organizations, this means that 20% of teachers in every schools are shuffled through this policy every year. This transfer system improves fluidity of teachers and brings uncertainty in management of schools. Through the questionnaire survey for prefectural boards of education and educational branch offices, some types of personnel transfers were found in the relationship between prefectural boards of education and municipal boards of education. Some prefectural boards of education took a large part in the decisions about personnel transfers of teachers. On the contrary, other prefectural boards of education did not take such a large part : therefore, municipal boards of education under the prefectures instead took important roles in transfer decisions. These types are also confirmed through case studies of three prefectures. The systems of teachers' personnel transfers had a lot of variety at each of the prefectural level, and those differences fostered different types of unstable management of schools through teachers fluidity. Therefore, the degrees of uncertainty in management of schools are affected by the systems of personnel transfers between prefectural and municipal level. In this context, the system of personnel transfers of teachers is one of most important institutional variable in educational adminitration.
