少子化時代における学校・家庭・地域連携の意義と関係施策の検討 : 「小規模校化」と「通学区域の拡大化」に注目して(I <特集1>人口変動と教育政策)

抄録

The purpose of this paper is to take up two phenomena i.e. the scaling down of school's size" and the expansion of the school attendance zone (caused by the decreasing birth rate), and to clarify the influence that those phenomena give to "Cooperation between the home, the community and the school." Also, whether or not the school management participation system and school support programs are effective is examined. The results are as follows. 1. The practice of "the policy of Cooperation between the home, the community and the school" is positively implemented in the small-scale school, since it has been recognized that it is effective for the survival of the school, the complement of the educational function and the improvement of school management. 2. The attendance zone's expansion by the combination and reorganization of schools spreads geographic and psychological distance between "the school" and "the home and community", and it makes the activation of the community difficult. 3. The school management participation system has the possibility of stimulating the community activation, if it is installed after combination and reorganization of schools. 4. The obtainment of the volunteers becomes a problem for the school support programs. This problem is mainly observed in the small-scale schools that are in remote places. Only, the school support programs may demonstrate the effect in the school after combination and reorganization.