1930年代フランスにおける少子高齢化問題と出産奨励運動 : 「人口問題教育」の成立と関わって(IV 投稿論文/教育政策フォーラム)

抄録

In this paper, I have attempted to consider the background and basic character of "education on demographic problem" which was prescribed in the article 142 of the "Family Code" and in the article L.312-14 of the present "Education Code". Fernand Boverat (1885-1962) was the president of the "National Alliance for Growth of the French Population", and he was also the leading member in the draft stage of the "Family Code". In the 1930's, French society was influenced by world crises, the immigrant increase, and population loss by World War I. Preceding studies have neglected the pronatalist movement and education in the background of French society of the 1930's. In this paper, I have investigated the use of statistical technique and emphasis on obligation by analyzing documents of this association and books by Boverat. Population aging was made visible by the statistical technique of population pyramid, and teaching the obligation of making a large family was emphasized by the "National Alliance for Growth of the French Population". This association also criticized the declaration of the rights of man in the context of the emphasis on obligation.