算数・数学授業における教室文化に関する考察

抄録

The purpose of this paper is to study the factors that have an influence on the culture of the mathematics classroom on the basis of the preceding studies. It seems to me that the traditional view of mathematics which mathematics consists of immutable truths and absolut certainty will become the factor that produces classroom culture in which the subject of mathematics has only to get the right answer correctly and fast. And, the new view of mathematics which mathematics should be reconsidered and revised will become the factor that produces classroom culture in which mathematics is the subject that questions and constructs mathematical knowledge. Moreover, the didactical contract which solutions of word problems of textbooks that reflect the traditional view of mathematics use only informations in the problem text is entered into between teachers and students. This didactical contract will become the factor that produces classroom culture in which the result of the calculations derived by applying appropriate calculations to the numbers in the problem text and calculating them correctly becomes just the answer of word problems. And, in classrooms that reflect the new view of mathematics, the didactical contract which students are not reported to mathematical knowleages by teachers or textbooks but students themself make the hypothesis and must themself find mathematical truths or mistakes through the process that discusses the cause of the hypothesis, enters into between teachers and students. This didactical contract will become the factor that produces classroom culture in which mathematics is the subject that questions and constructs mathematical knowledge.