数学的Writingを活用する算数指導に関する研究(2) : 内省的記述活用学習における記述表現の量的分析

抄録

In order to identify the active use of writing activities in mathematics teaching and learning, the framework of reflexive writing activities is established at first. In the framework, students' journals are written not only from the viewpoint of each individual student but also from the viewpoints of others, including another self (others in first person). Such writing is called reflexive writing. Moreover, the "Feedback" in two big cycles, which are "student classwork → reflexive writing → student", and "classwork → reflexive writing → the next classwork", are included in the framework of reflexive writing activities. Following the framework, the teaching experiment of characters method, which is one of the reflexive writing activities with using pictures or characters as "another self in first person", has been done with two classes of 4^<th> graders. After 5-week teaching experiment, students' reflexive writings are examined quantitatively, with data of their affective characteristics and achievements. The following implications are found out. Firstly, drawing pictures or characters do not always interfere with students' mathematics learning. Secondly, girls tend to use pictures or characters much more than boys do. Thirdly, letting students do the reflexive writing activities with the aim of reviewing their own learning, giving the situation of using pictures or characters with the proper instructions of what to write is enough to become their characters to play the important role of "another self in first person". Fourthly, if the students did the reflexive writing activities much more than 5 weeks, the effectiveness of their activities might be much higher. Fifthly, the characters method is consistent with the "pleasure of mathematical activities", which is stated in the renewed national courses of study. Sixthly, promoting the type of mathematics learning, where the reflexive writing activities are used consciously, students' motivation tend to increase. Finally, those students who have done the reflexive writing activities in experimental group, have used some pictures or characters, not only for fun to study but also for deepening their understanding of mathematics.