高齢運転者における運転者要因別の事故率

—「ブレーキとアクセルの踏み違い」と抑制機能の低下の関連についての検証を含む—

抄録

The National Police Agency database of injury and fatal accidents in Japan during 2001-2014 was analyzed to examine accident risk factors that characterize older drivers.　This study investigated relations between age and accident rates associated with driver-related accident factors of four categories : lack of safety confirmation, front carelessness, misjudgment, and driving maneuver error.　Accident rates were calculated using the quasi-induced exposure method, which used not-at-fault driver data as an exposure measure.　Age differences in accident rates were assessed.　The older age group showed higher accident rates for every driver-related accident factor with advanced age.　The accident rate related to driving maneuver errors, most importantly pedal errors, became higher with advanced age more remarkably than other factors.　Additional analyses compared accident rates related to pedal errors while advancing straight in a lane with acceleration, constant speed, and deceleration.　The results support the hypothesis that pedal errors of older drivers are related to age-related decline in inhibitory function.　The mechanism causing pedal errors of older drivers with poor inhibitory function is discussed.