The differentiation of the arytenoid mucosa in human fetuses have been studied only by light microscopy. So, we studied the arytenoid mucosa in human fetuses (at gestational ages from the 7th to 18th week) by scanning and transmission electron microscopies, and could disclose more detailed features of cytodifferentiation of this mucosa. These results and the review of the literatures lead to the following conclusions:
1. We could demonstrate for the first time that primary cilia appear in the arytenoid mucosa at the 7th and 8th week of gestation.
2. Ciliated cells began to appear at the 8th week of gestation which was earlier than the reports by light microscopy, moreover we could get the details of ciliogenesis using electron microscope.
3. Glycogen granules in non-ciliated cells decreased in parallel with the differentiation of the cells, suggesting that they provide a source of energy necessary for the cell differentiation.