Improvement trend for individual health guidance intervention according to Japan clinical guidelines by public health nurses for type 2 diabetes mellitus who visited for medical checkups regularly: a case-control preliminary report

Abstract

We conducted a retrospective case-control study to assess the efficacy of personalized health guidance interventions on individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity. A selection was made of individuals in regular visits to the Takagi Hospital for medical checkups between January 2017, and October 2021. Totally, 108 subjects (cases) with health guidance were divided into 2 groups: one group without pharmacotherapy for diabetes mellitus in medical institutions (n = 92) and another group with pharmacotherapy (n = 116). Cases were provided with person­alized health guidance interventions by public health nurses for 30 ‍min, in accordance with the Japanese clinical guidelines for the prevention of lifestyle-related diseases. Sex- and age-matched controls were chosen from individuals with diabetes mellitus without health guidance. The intervention without pharmaco­therapy resulted in improvements in health indicators, including body weight, waist circumference, diastolic blood pressure, triglyceride levels, and γ-glutamyl trans-peptidase. These positive effects were not observed in the control group without health guidance. The therapeutic effects of health guidance were observed in cases where pharmacotherapy was administered. In conclusion, the implementation of individual health guidance interventions may prove to be effective for individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity who regularly attend medical checkups.