2016 年 124 巻 10 号 p. 967-980
High-temperature ceramic materials gain a continuous growing interest due to the various properties they can offer. Among all their specific features, their outstanding thermal and mechanical stability attract much attention to save energy. In the category of ceramics, silicon-based non-oxide compositions display a great potential for many applications involving high temperatures, high stresses or harsh environments. Since the major binary silicon carbide and silicon nitride, which are currently used as high-performance ceramics, were discovered, the role of chemistry in the design of materials has become major. Its potential lies in the exploitation of new chemical systems and the development of new preparative routes. As a consequence, new ceramic properties can be envisioned. The polymer derived ceramic (PDC) route is a “ceramic through chemistry” concept which allows synthesizing new materials in terms of compositions and shapes difficult to tailor using more conventional approaches. This review highlights the works made in the last decades concerning the preparation of PDC fibers with a particular focus on amorphous SiCN and SiBCN networks using melt-spinning and electrospinning processes of preceramic polymers. One main emphasis of this review is set on addressing the intimate relationship between molecular structure/architecture of preceramic polymers, their spinning/curing/pyrolysis behavior and the properties of the final fibers.
