Surgical Treatment for Cervical Spine and Spinal Cord from the Viewpoint of Anatomical Characteristics

Abstract

  Since the spinal cord is an anatomically eloquent area in which neurological functions are concentrated, surgical treatment of cervical spine and spinal cord diseases can affect neurological functions. To ensure and improve surgical outcomes, it is necessary to examine surgical indications and specific surgical methods by thoroughly confirming the pathology. For this purpose, it is essential to understand the characteristics of the cervical spine: (1) the column supporting the body, (2) protection of the spinal cord, (3) unique architecture of intermittent arterial penetration, (4) 3-dimensional movement, and (5) age-related changes.

  The more complex the pathology, the more important it is to take a global perspective while paying attention to local conditions to avoid “seeing the forest for the trees.” Therefore, it is recommended that each case be evaluated from the perspective of the anatomical characteristics of the cervical spine and that a treatment plan be considered accordingly.

  This paper outlines the importance of understanding the pathogenesis of the cervical spine and cervical cord pathology based on the anatomical characteristics of reliable cervical spine surgeries.