大学球技系チームスポーツにおけるアスリートのShared Leadershipに関する考察

抄録

　One of the issues for sport coaching research in Japan is lacking of the research on coaches' interpersonal knowledge, especially their knowledge of athlete leadership. The purpose of this study was to identify the determinants of leadership and the reality of shared leadership on each team for college student-athletes in ball games team sports. This study was conducted between December 2021 and January 2022 with 217 athletes from extracurricular ball games team sports at one domestic college (eight teams in total). The questionnaire was administered to individually rate the leadership of all teammates on the four Leadership Roles (Fransen et al., 2014) of Task, Motivational, Social and External in each team. The results of t-tests and one-way ANOVAs revealed that athletes with higher grades, hold positions and more opportunities to play in games tended to show stronger leadership. The results of the QAP test using Social Network Analysis also elucidated that different Leadership Networks were established for each leadership role in each team, indicating that Shared Leadership was being demonstrated. It was suggested that understanding the leadership characteristics of athletes and team-specific Leadership Networks will enable more effective coaching and team management.