The Study Focused on "Physical Strength Development" as One of the Goals of Physical Education in China from a Historical Perspective

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine the necessary physical strength development of students in their career during the Chinese reformation period. From the viewpoint of the Physical Education Guide (similar to Japan's national curriculum guide) and from a historical perspective, the Chinese physical education has been centered on a lifelong learning process. The historical background is considered, examining the objectives, a reformation of Chinese Physical Education is discussed. The traditional aim of physical education in China is to develop a foundation for physical strength development for the purpose of building up the nation and for defense. In the former USSR, the Physical Education System for Labor and National Defense was centered on physical training. The educational purpose of the school gymnasium was underestimated. However, in the school gymnasium the period of lifelong learning develops, not only growth, but also the understanding of physical education, which differs from the conventional "gym". The pursuit of a recognition of the value of a broad personality has led to the realization of one's self as a human being. Therefore, during reform period in contemporary China, physical education must be reformed in line with the theoretical and practical viewpoints for completing the required content of courses.