韓国の教育自治法の特徴と今日的課題(VI 研究報告)

抄録

This article intends to briefly introduce the contents and characteristics of the Local Educational Autonomy Act of Korea which was promulgated on March 8, 1991, pointing out some contemporary problems concerning Korea educational autonomy, and examining them from the standpoints of democracy and efficiency. The first section introduces the dual structure of local autonomy in educational administration and general administration. It also explains that only such great-sphere administrative units as provinces and specially-designated cities are authorized to have autonomy in local educational administration under the board of education with the power to decide and the superintendent of education as executive organ elected independent of the board while cities (shi), counties (kun) and wards (ku), as well as provinces and specially-designated cities are recognized as units of ordinary local public entities. It further looks into the nature of the local educational administration within the framework of general local autonomy. The second section deals with the functional contents and characteristics of the Local Educational Autonomy for further clarification. The third section focuses on six points abstracted from various problems arising out of the enforcement of the Local Educational Act from the standpoints of democracy and efficiency. The concluding chapter stresses that local autonomy in educational administration in Korea has undergone various experiences, maintaining its peculiar autonomous organs for 30 years, and proposes that the system of local educational autonomy be re-examined from the viewpoint of enhancing educational effects in schools and classrooms, not only from that of the administering authorities.