Health Evaluation and Promotion
Online ISSN : 1884-4103
Print ISSN : 1347-0086
ISSN-L : 1347-0086
Original Articles
Effects of smoking and lifestyle diseases on lung age
Yuri IchikawaMotonori FukakusaKanako HattoriKyoko TakedaYasushi Ishida
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JOURNAL OPEN ACCESS

2015 Volume 42 Issue 2 Pages 253-260

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Abstract

 Background: The usefulness of lung age is expected by the Japanese Respiratory Society. They pointed out the problem of smoking, which may induce chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and promoted smoking cessation because of the recent increase of COPD patients. Early detection and treatment of COPD are required. In our hospital, lung age was measured by pulmonary function tests, and its determination is becoming more common for our patients. We expect that the difference in lung age will be influenced by the smoking situation of patients at our hospital. In addition, we have another purpose. The lung age may be influenced by factors related to lifestyle-related disease.
 Subjects: All subjects were recruited in St. Luke’s International Hospital who attended an annual comprehensive medical checkup with the exclusion of those who did not have data from pulmonary function tests. We referred to the most recent data if they came into the hospital multiple times.
 Methods: We calculated the difference between lung age and real age (as the lung age difference). First, we divided the patients in three groups according to their smoking history—current smokers, ex-smokers, and non-smokers—for comparison of the lung age difference. Second, we divided the patients into subgroups based on the smoking index of 600 and the interval of every 20 years for the smoking duration. Each group was assessed in relation to lifestyle-related diseases and lung age difference based on blood tests (triglyceride, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol), waist circumference and blood pressure, with each quartile based on a lower lung age difference.
 Results: In the three groups of patients who were separated according to the smoking index, male current smokers had the largest lung age difference compared with the ex-smokers and non-smokers, and female current smokers had a larger number than non-smokers. The large lung age difference in men depended on a high smoking index. The group with a smoking duration of 21 to 40 years had a larger lung age difference than the male group with a duration of 1 to 20 years, and the group with a duration of over 41 years had a larger number than the female group with a duration of 1 to 20 years. In particular, the level of triglyceride was higher in men with a large lung age difference.
 Discussion: This study showed that the lung age may be influenced by smoking history and duration of smoking, and obesity may be affected by the risk factors for lifestyle-related diseases, due to a reduced pulmonary function.

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© 2015 Japan Society of Health Evaluation and Promotion
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