Introduction: The incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer (CRC) has been increasing in Japan. Although the association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and CRC has been previously reported, individual factors contributing to CRC occurrence are obscure, especially in Japan.

 Aims & Methods: In this retrospective analysis of clinical data, we investigated metabolic and lifestyle-related risk factors for the occurrence of colorectal neoplasia (CRN) and advanced neoplasia (AN) using comprehensive health checkup data.

 Demographic characteristics, anthropometric measurements, visceral fat area (VFA), hematological metabolic parameters, degree of fatty liver, and smoking/drinking habits were assessed in 2,769 subjects who underwent screening colonoscopy among 10,138 subjects who underwent comprehensive health checkups at our institute between August 2012 and December 2016. Associations between the variables and CRN or AN were evaluated by univariate and multivariate analysis.

 Results: While 11.8% of subjects had CRN and 3.3% had AN, 24.4% of subjects were diagnosed with MetS. The presence of MetS was significantly associated with CRN and AN. Univariate analysis identified a significant association between CRN and age, sex, BMI, VFA, systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP/DBP), various hematological metabolic parameters, fatty liver, smoking/drinking habits, and weight gain. Multivariate analysis revealed that age, BMI, SBP, LDL, TG, and smoking/drinking habits were independent factors associated with CRN. Moreover, age, LDL, TG, and current smoking were recognized as independent factors associated with AN.

 Conclusion: The present study demonstrated that metabolic factors, especially dyslipidemia, aging and current smoking, are risk factors for the development of colorectal neoplasia in Japan.

Objectives:

 Coronary artery calcification in lung helical CT scan was defined as incidental findings and was determined to require further examination. If calcification was observed, the presence or absence of significant coronary artery stenosis and risk factors were examined.

Participants:

 The subjects were 2,426 patients who took lung helical CT scan at our health examination center between January 2019 and December 2019.

Method:

 1) The primary outcomes were examined in the following items. Gender, age, smoking status, smoker's Brinkman index. Presence of hypertension, diabetes and hyperlipidemia. Blood test results, visceral fat and BMI test value. Based on the presence or absence of coronary artery calcification, these items were evaluated.

 2) Among the patients who could be confirmed to visit a medical institution after the examination, those who underwent coronary angiography only or coronary CT were classified as "non-PCI group", and those who underwent percutaneous coronary angioplasty were classified as "PCI group". We investigated whether there were significant differences in the endpoints between these groups.

Results:

 Lung helical CT scan was performed on 2,426 patients, and coronary artery calcification was observed in 296 patients (12%). 1) The group with coronary artery calcification showed significant difference in the evaluation items excluding eGFR compared to the group without coronary artery calcification. 2) Of the 80 patients visited a medical institution 34 underwent coronary catheterization only, 46 underwent CAG, and 16 (0.7%) underwent PCI. The prevalence of diabetes was significantly higher in the PCI group than in the examination group.

Conclusions:

 Those who were positive for coronary artery calcification had a significantly higher prevalence of coronary risk factors, except for eGFR, compared to the group without calcification.

 Significantly more diabetic patients had stenosis in the coronary arteries that required PCI.