Studies on Multiple Risks in Metabolic Syndrome: From the Viewpoint of Organ Protection in the Health Guidance

Abstract

 [Backgrounds and Aims] Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a condition in which visceral fat-type obesity with hypertension, hyperglycemia and dislipidemia, and is well known to risks for arteriosclerotic diseases. This concept is derived, Inherited from the conventional Syndrome X and Multiple Risk Factor Syndrome, however, an interest in tests other than diagnostic items is low and few reports have been made. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of MetS on other than diagnostic items and obtain tips for health guidance, from the view point of multiple risk factor syndrome of the MetS.

 [Subjects and Methods] The subjects were conducted 4,830 males (50 ± 6.8 years old) and 4,328 females (50 ± 6.5 years old) to whom visited the Sendai General Health Examination Clinic (Shinkokai Medical Corporation SENDAI MEDICAL CLINIC) in 2016. According to the Mets criteria, groups were divided by the combination of diagnostic items, such as abdominal circumference (AC), hyperglycemia, dislipidemia, hypertension, as discribed below. 1) MetS non-applicable (AC not applicable), (2) MetS non-applicable (only AC applicable), (3) AC+hyperglycemia, (4) AC+dislipidemia, (5) AC+hypertension, (6) AC+hyperglycemia+dislipidemia, (7) AC+hyperglycemia+hypertension, (8) AC+dislipidemia+hypertension, (9) AC+hyperglycemia+dislipidemia+hypertension. Gender specific comparison study was made in age, AST, ALT, γ-GT, UA, Cr, TP, Alb in 9 groups.

 [Results] As a result of analysis of variance, both men and women showed significant differences in age, AST, ALT, γ-GT, and UA. AST, ALT, and γ-GT showed higher values for lipids in MetS diagnosis items. UA tended to show a high value accoding to numbers of applicable items. Cr was significantly increased only in males, and tended to be higher when lipid and blood pressure were applicable. ALT and UA showed high values for both men and women in not Mets but only AC applicable group.

 [Summary] Not only in the MetS and Pre-MetS groups, but also in the case where only the AC exceeded the standard, the organ functions such as liver and kidney tended to be worsened. The analysis results of MetS showed that it is necessary to focus on characteristic changes in multiple risk factor syndrome, instead of focusing only on diagnostic results, and to provide guidance.