Diagnosis and Therapy of Diabetes Based on Evidence

Abstract

　More than 10 million people are estimated to have diabetes and almost same number of people have impaired glucose tolerance in Japan. The diagnosis of diabetes is made by blood glucose levels and reference values are decided based on many clinical data. The development of diabetes drugs has recently progressed rapidly, and nine oral drugs and two injectable drugs are now available. The ACE inhibitors and ARBs were only two drugs with evidence of efficacy for diabetic nephropathy for long time, however, the evidence of SGLT2 inhibitors, GLP-1 receptor agonists, and a nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist have recently reported.

　In this paper, diagnosis and treatment of diabetes based on recent evidences are described from the "Diabetes Care Guide 2024" and "Diabetes Care Guidelines 2024" published by the Japan Diabetes Society.