An Investigation of Osteogenesis on Titanium Surfaces using a Type 2 Diabetes Rat Model

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The effect of diabetes mellitus on osseointegration capacity has not been addressed using appropriate animal models. The aim of this study was to investigate the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblastic cells using a type 2 diabetes rat model and 3 different titanium surfaces. We used Goto-Kakizaki rats, a Wistar substrain which develops type 2 diabetes mellitus, with Wistar/ST rats as controls. Titanium disks of grade 2 commercially pure titanium were prepared with surfaces that were machined, sulfuric acid etched, and hydrofluoric acid etched, and rat bone marrow-derived osteoblastic cells were cultured on the 3 different types of titanium surface. In comparison with the controls, the osteoblastic cells of the diabetes rat were inferior in differentiation. The difference with the controls occurred in a relatively small hydrofluoric acid etched group on one of the 3 different surfaces. These results suggest that type 2 diabetes mellitus impairs the differentiation of osteoblastic cells in diabetic rats.