WHERE ARE WE NOW WITH RENAL AND URINARY PROTEOMICS?

抄録

Renal and urinary proteomics is one of the most rapidly growing subdisciplines of proteomics applied to biomedical research. The rapid growth of this field is evidenced by an increasing number of published articles related to renal and urinary proteome analyses. Using the keywords proteomics or proteome or proteomic together with kidney or renal or urine or urinary, >1,200 articles have been found in PubMed since 1996. This rapid growth reflects much interest of nephrologists and renal physiologists in applying proteomics to address clinical and basic questions. Moreover, urinary proteome analysis offers opportunities for biomarker discovery not only in kidney diseases but also in other organs' disorders and systemic diseases. Together, these speed up the progress of this field during the past several years. Commonly used methods for renal and urinary proteome analyses include two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2-D PAGE) followed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS), liquid chromatography coupled to tandem MS (LC-MS/MS), surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization (SELDI)-TOF MS, and capillary electrophoresis (CE) coupled to electrospray ionization (ESI)-TOF MS. All of these techniques have been applied to renal and urinary proteomics with the ultimate goals as follows: (i) to better understand biology and physiology of the kidney; (ii) to unravel pathogenic mechanisms and/or pathophysiology of kidney diseases and related disorders; (iii) to identify diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers; and (iv) to define new therapeutic targets and drugs. This session will summarize the current status of renal and urinary proteomics and also provide some perspectives in this field. Among all applications during the past 12 years, we have partially achieved the goals for better understanding of biology and physiology of the kidney, as well as unraveling of pathogenic mechanisms and/or pathophysiology of kidney diseases and related disorders. For biomarker discovery, a large number of biomarker candidates have been identified. However, they are neither validated in a large cohort nor ready for clinical applications. Moreover, we have not yet reached the goals for defining new therapeutic targets and drugs. Also, personalized medicine seems too far away from now, but may be possible in the future.