声帯運動の観察記録法

音声研究の立場から

抄録

Some of the current techniques for observing glottal conditions without interfering with natural articulatory movements of the subjects were discussed. The techniques mentioned here are also harmless to the subject. 1) Ultrasonic-pulse method (Ultrasonoglottography) gives absolute values of the displacement and velocity of the vibrating vocal fold. Closed period and variation in glottal contact are also detectable by recording ultrasonic pulses passing across the glottis. 2) Photo-electric technique (Photo-electric glottography) is a straitforward method for recording glottal area variations, in both vibratory cycles and gross abducting and adducting movements of the vocal folds. The absolute area of the glottis is not obtainable. 3) Recording of electrical impedance across the glottis (Electrical glottography) reflects the glottal condition during closure, i. e. variation in the contact area of the vocal folds, better than during the vocal folds are apart. 4) Use of a flexible fiberoptics inserted through the nose gives clear view of the larynx, with a minimum discomfort of the subject, during natural speech articulations. Simultaneous recording of cinephotography of the larynx and photo-electric glottography is possible with the fiberscope. Some of the technical problems and possible error sources in each method were also discussed.