地方創生に向けた住民参加型インフラ整備工法の適用可能性に関する研究

―国内の事例検証および産業連関表による事業効果分析を通じて―

抄録

Since the late 1960s, Labour Based Technology (LBT) has attracted attention for its utilization in infrastructure construction in developing countries, a fact illustrated by research and pilot projects conducted by the World Bank (WB). Subsequently, LBT has gradually become more widespread in developing countries, and many LBT technical manuals and handbooks have been prepared by the International Labour Organization (ILO), other international institutions and government agencies in order to summarize successful LBT case studies. More recently, therefore, LBT is acknowledged as an effective development project for the community road access improvement.

Accordingly, many developing countries such as African countries, small scale infrastructure projects, mainly rural road improvement, are utilized by LBT as reasons for hard to get enough number of well-discipline human resources, materials, funds, and advanced technology at the project sites. Meanwhile, in Japan as well, recently, infrastructure improvement led by local governments is faced to the lack of infrastructure maintenance budget due to the depopulation. Traditionally, however, LBT have been adopted in Japan since the early ages, as commonly observed in the existence of words such as “Michibushin”, quite literally meaning ‘road repair’, or “Oyaku” (local infrastructure maintenance by the community). Such Japanese LBT works also encouraged the creation of jobs in the post-war period through “the make work road rehabilitation program” as part of the emergency employment policy of the unemployed.

This study aims to contribute to the literature on “Regional Revitalization Policy” which the Japanese government has currently declared a priority policy by proposing the reintroduction of LBT in rural areas as an effective method for community development. The current research reviews case studies of LBT being introduced to Japanese rural areas and evaluate its impact by Input Output Analysis. Finally, the study will recommend the applicability of LBT projects in Japan from the viewpoint of their effectiveness, impacts and sustainability.