インドネシア稲作農村女性の社会関係と食料消費

―社会とのつながりが食生活に果たす役割の事例分析―

抄録

In Indonesia, where nutritional problems are common, attention is being paid to understanding social background of food consumption in each community. This study identifies the current status of social relations and food consumption, and their relations, using the results of a survey conducted in 2021 and 2023 among women living in neighborhoods of a rice farming village in West Java. The methods used included clarifying the actual situation based on indicators related to social relations and food consumption, conducting a quantitative analysis of the indicators, and evaluating case studies. The findings were as follows.

First, most participants frequently consumed both traditional foods and snacks, and a relatively diverse range of foods during the week. Second, the influence of religion and local culture has created close social relations among the residents. Some people eat with large numbers of people at religious services, weddings, and funerals. Third, there are associations among socioeconomic characteristics, with the indicators comprising social relations and food consumption. For instance, living with children and producing food are associated with eating a variety of foods on a regular basis. Having a high level of education and a food partner are associated with eating a variety of foods within a given period of time. Community involvement and having more food partners are associated with more frequent consumption of rice and meat and so on through increased opportunities for food-related interactions. Those with abundant social relations are more likely than those who are socially isolated to gather with others at religious events and on a daily basis to consume a variety of meals. Food acquisition and food-related exchanges through non-market channels can support food self-sufficiency and consumption of a variety of foods on a steady basis or even within a given period of time.