The cognition for dealing with the radioactive waste has reached the waste management concept through the treatment and disposal from the simple disposal of the early stage. In nuclear-electric power generatian system, many sorts of radioactive waste are generated from not only power stations but their related nuclear fuel cycle facilities. Two technical objectives have to be aimed in the waste treatment step: one is diminution of the release rate of radioactivity into the environment in fluid form and the other is conditioning (solidification and packaging) of volume-reduced or concentrated wastes including both the solid waste and wastes originated from the decommissioning of nuclear facilities. In this moment, endeavors dedicated for the diminution of release rate gives fairly good performances based on the “As Low As Practicable” principle, but for the conditioning. Hereafter, much efforts will be concentrated on the following aspects, for example, diminution of amount of the wastes to be solidified or packaged, realization of high volume reduction, and establishing the appropriate guidelines for packaging together with the consolidation of responsibility and financial liability.
