石炭およびその関連物質のX線, 電子線回折

抄録

The application of X-ray and electron diffractometries are reviewed for the structural analysis of coals and their related matters. After the fundamental nature and the apparatus of X-ray and electron diffraction are briefly stated, it is shown how some structural parameters d₀₀₂, L_c, n, P_s, E. etc. are obtained from observed profiles. The stack-height distribution and the average number of layers per stack n are calculated by Fourier transformation of the 002 band, and approximate fraction of the carbons contained in stacks P_s is also obtained from the peak intensity of the 002 band, background intensity and n. From the 11 band, the distribution of layer size and their average size La can be calculated by Diamond's method.
Diffraction patterns for various ranks of coals are presented, and their characteristics are pointed out. The variation of structural parameters are shown with carbon content of raw coals and with the increase in carbonization temperature. These data are compared with the results of mesophase or carbons carbonized at low temperatures.