Iaeas of the Background for Japanece Garaen's Origin

Abstract

Results of this study are condenzed as below.
Ideas of Taoism in ancient China had affected on Shintoism, before influences of Buddhism which was introduced in 6th century. After 9th century above ideas were adjusted to form Japanese naturalistic philosophy on the base of Mantorism.
With understandings of above, such ancient Japanese gardens as Kyoku-Sui canal garden noted to be in 5th century, pond gardens of Asuka & Fujiwara ages in 7th century, pond gardens in HeijoKyo & HeijoKyu in 8th century, SagaIn naturalistic pond garden in 9th century, Shinden style gardens in Heian periods, can be studied catching their backgrounds of landscape design ideas which stand on respects to great natural beings.
For example, Kyokusui canal garden noted at Nihon Syoki is understood to be designed as a site of celemonial garden party, developed on the idea of Taoism flowing-water celebration in 4th century. Also, FujiwaraKyu palace pond garden shows a sort of harmony with natural landmark of Miminashi Yama hill in its naturalhstic design, and has been regarded to symbolize Japanese natural landscape garden tradition.
Considering above examples, it is needed to recognize concerned meanings between Japanese landscape garden ideas and Chinese Taoism ideas which show respects to such natural landscapes as landmarks of mountains, waterfalls, old big trees or rocks, being regarded as hidden residences of natural souls. And ideas of Taoism also affected on Mantoism each other in Heian periods, to resulf spirits of Saku-Tei-Ki (Garden Design Note) which show fundamental images of Japanese landscape architecture tradition.