Microbial Metabolites for the Control of Host Immunity in the Gut

Abstract

The intestine is continuously exposed to foreign materials including commensal bacteria. To maintain homeostasis, in addition to the physical and chemical barriers presented by epithelial cells, numerous kinds and numbers of immune cells exist in the intestines, which are affected by commensal bacteria, dietary materials, and their metabolites. Recent evidence has revealed the mechanism underlying the regulation of host immunity through the interaction between commensal bacteria and diets. Here, we describe the regulation of host immunity through commensal bacteria and diets.