AIS Based Spatial Distribution of Ship Emission in Madura Strait Indonesia

抄録

Ship exhaust gas emission becomes one of the main sources of marine environment pollution. This imposes significantly on the health risk along the area which has densely traffic of ship. The aim of this paper is to conduct an estimation of emission distribution of ships in the Madura Strait which is one of the busiest access channels in Indonesia. Vessel activity based approach is utilized for estimating the emission of ships by inputting the power of main engine (ME), auxiliary engine (AE) and auxiliary boiler(AB), engine load factor, time in mode and emission factor. Operation mode of ships are categorized as maneuvering, fairway cruising, low cruising and hoteling. Automatic Identification System (AIS) is used to identify all data of ships which are operated in the Madura Strait both the static and dynamics data. The static data includes MMSI (Maritime Mobile Service Identity), IMO number, type of ship, call sign and ship dimension, while dynamics data such as ship speed, position and navigation status. Ship information from AIS is used as input for ship database for knowing the engine power, actual and design speed which are needed to estimate the ship emission, including carbon monoxide (CO), Nitrogen oxides (NO_X), sulfur oxides (SO_X) and particulate matter (PM). In this study, ships operation data obtained from AIS and the emission estimation are combined to do a simulation using Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT) Model to generate emission map which shows the inventory of emission distribution. Result shows that the emission of SO₂ and NO_X are much higher than the other pollutant. The total emission of AE is higher than that of ME because most of ships are in the mode of hoteling. The dispersion model reveals that the pollutant reaches location of resident around the Madura Strait. Output of this study can be used as consideration for the government to regulate an effective policy regarding the ships emission to control the marine pollution at sea for better environmental health.