抄録
Maneuvering of berthing is one of the most difficult maneuverings situation which require ship handlers the specific knowledge and skill. A harbor pilot has to handle 5 tugboats effectively for maintaining her speed, course and position on his plan. However he makes wrong orders to the tugboat at specific situation, because of the human characteristics for the information processing. We carried out a research on the wrong usages of tugboats for berthing from viewpoints of human characteristics. As the results of studies, the following characteristics are obtained ; 1. When complicated ship's motion are required, the rate of making wrong operation increases. 2. When athwartships deviating from the object course lines enlarges, the rate of making wrong operation increases. 3. When number of tugboats to be handled increases, the rate of making wrong operation increases. 4. In case of highly frequent usages of tugboats being needed, the rate of making wrong operation increases.
