Abstract
This comparative study aims to identify the indicators of cruise ship safety by examining the management systems of thirteen cruise operators that resumed cruise operations during the covid-19 pandemic. Investigation of the state of implementation by the thirteen operators of the elements of management recommended by the World health organization, the Center for disease control and prevention, and the Cruise line international association showed a tendency for the operators that implemented more of these elements to realize stable operation free from cases of infection. Analysis of the causes of infection based on tracing infections and reviewing the state of management at the seven operators that did have cases confirmed that the combination of passenger restrictions and prior PCR testing and screening was an important management method that led to formation of social bubbles on board.
