自閉児のオペラント療法における操作変数 : 佐久間論文をめぐって(<特集>ソヴィエトの心理療法と行動療法)

抄録

In the previous volume of this journal, Mr. Sakuma and I reported a paper entitled "Motivation in operant therapy with autistic children". I completely agreed with the effectiveness of Sakuma's "Onbu-Dakko mettod", which made use of physical contact stimuli such as holding the child in the arms or carring the child on the back. But lacking the detailed quantitative analysis, the evidence for the effectiveness of his method was not convincing. In the present paper, I had two objectives : one was to reanalyze his data from quantitative point of view. The other was to make clear the difference of my standpoint from his. After the preyions article was written the difference in our approach to behavior therepy has gradually become evident. I have been keeping a narrow-band standpoint but he has changed his standpoint from the narrow-band to the broad-spectrum one. In this paper, I took a critical attitude toward Sakuma's way of using the concept of motivation in that he tended to use various motive-names in his therapy of autistic children. What seems to me the most important thing to do in behavior therapy practice is to clarify the methods to operate the drive or emotional states of the children rather than to list the names of motives.