Fibrous dysplasia is a benign fibro-osseous lesion of unknown etiology. It may affect only a single bone (monostotic), or be present in several bones (polyostotic). Them monostotic form of the disease was more frequent than the polyostotic form. In most cases, lesions are found in childhood or early adolescence. Expansion of the disease is slow. Painless enlargement of the involved bone is the most common symptom. An important radiographic feature of the disease is a localized frosted-glass appearance of the bone. Occasionally, the radiolucent area mimicking a periapical granuloma or cyst. So it is important to differentiate between this disease and periapical lesion before conducting endodontic treatments.
The patient was a 31 years old female. The chief complaint was intermittent (cold water pain?) pain in the right mandibular second premolar. Radiographic examination revealed localized radiolucent area at the apexes of asymptomatic maxillary incisors, mandibular incisors and mandibular premolars. The periapical radiolucent area contained rediopaque cores to make mottled appearance. Texture of periapical area of maxillary molars resembled that of frosted-glass on radiographs.
Mucoperiosteal flaps were retracted and buccal bone was removed to expose periapical area of maxillary central incisors and the right mandibular second premolar. Periapical curettage and apicoectomy followed by root canal fillings were made. Histopathological specimens showed irregular arrangement of bone tissue in a whirled fibrous stroma and were diagnosed as polyostotic fibrous dysplasia. Eight years have passed since the operation and the prognosis is favorable without any relapses.
