Abstract
The purpose of this study was (a) to develop the following three scales, i.e., a selfefficacy scale, an outcome expectancy scale, and an outcome value scale for kyosyu (hand raising in educational setting), and (b) to examine the relationships between the score of each scale and kyosyu behavior measured by peer nomination and teacher's rating. Those scales were administerd to 239 third, 267 fourth, 286 fifth, and 259 sixth graders. Each scale had high reliability, and these scales were highly correlated. The partial correlation coefficients among these scales, peer nomination, and teacher's rating controlling the effects of sex, grade, sociality (popularity), and achievement were all significantly positive. Self-efficacy was found to be a primary predictor of kyosyu by stepwise regression analysis.
