Abstract
A 60-year-old woman consulted her previous doctor with a chief complaint of discomfort in the epigastrium. Examinations showed a cystic lesion in the pancreatic tail, and she was referred to our hospital for closer examination. A unilocular cystic lesion accompanied with a 20-mm mirror surface image was observed in the pancreas tail upon initial close examination, and a follow-up examination was carried out for suspected serous cystadenoma and hemorrhaging inside the simple cyst; however, a rupture of the tumor occurred 2 months later. The rupture contracted 1 month later, and thereafter transformed into a solid lesion. Advanced FDG accumulation was observed on PET-CT, and malignant disease could not be completely ruled out. Therefore, the caudal part of the pancreas body was resected and a pathological diagnosis of xanthogranuloma inflammation of the pancreas (xanthogranulomatous pancreatitis; hereinafter, XGP) was given. XGP is a very rare disease, often accompanying pancreatitis, and characterized by pancreatic cyst lesions; however, specific laboratory findings may be unclear, and such cases are often difficult to differentiate from malignant diseases. XGP should therefore be considered in the differential diagnosis in patients presenting with pancreatic disease in which sudden morphological changes are observed during a short period of time.
