造船独占資本の立地と地域構造

岡山県玉野市三井造船の場合

抄録

Tamano City of Okayama Prefecture, as a case of studies in industrial area, is treated here. The city is a mono-industrial city centering at Mitsui ship-building yard and grew up through it. To begin with, it unexpectedly began to show germination of growth as a local city since Mitsui ship-building yard was established in March of Taisho 8 (1919); though habitants of this area had been engaged in farming and fishing, by that time, by using limited plain and its back hilly land of granite on the Inland Sea of Seto. Main factor in the location of ship-building yard seems to have been various economic conditions that based on the policy of management in Mitsui Capital, and the natural and cultural conditions in this region. After that, in accordance with the changes of international and internal economic situation, prosperity and decay in turn had successively occurred according to the growth of ship-building. These situations also were related directly to the growth of Tamano city. Peculiarities of production structure that ship-building had in itself, soon became to reflect on Tamano mono-industrial city just as it was. Houses of workers were built up, and having these dwelling houses as their object, some shopping streets were formed, for many work-men were gathered around the village which was once out-of-the-way. And then, road-repairing and road-project were so smoothly and rapidly performed that the land features were in comparatively a short time changed village into town, town into city. With the progress of settlement, a bigger change was seen on the interior structure. Among the present population of 60, 000, for instance, ten per cents of the population are exployed in this ship-building yard. Bearing this fact in mind, you can easily understand that this city forms a close relation with ship-building business.
If you consider the relations of all the kinds of correlated and subcontract industries and temporary workers and out-side workers characteristic in ship-bluilding, this relations will be more emphaticaly recongized. Prosperity and depression of ship-building business immediately mean those of Tamano city itself. Well, in the case of such mono-industrial city, there are also many faults exist for its too much acute reliance on ship-building: for good examples, the growth of correlated industries is stagnant, and the classification of labor structure in the ship-building makes its appearance in the order of civic social life as it is etc. In Japan, it is not too much to say that most of the local industrial cities have more or less similar phenomena. The author considers that these kinds of studies have to be made more actively, for the regional structure in Japanese industry must be more widely understood.