Hachinohe city (pop. 185, 471) is one of the industrial cities in Tohoku, and has remarkably made progress since a cement factory had started in 1919. It has 12, 156 workers engaged in manufacturing and 30 billions yen of industrial out put in 1963. The urban area consists of the following three sections: Hachinohe (in a narrow sense), the commercial section, which was founded as a castle town in 1660; the industrial quarters of Konakano-Numadate-Kawaragi; and the fishing and trade port of Same-Shirogane-Minato.
The process of the industrial development of Hachinohe is classified into the five stages:
1. Germing stage……1937 It keeps the accent on simple processing of marine-products and lumbering.
2. Growing stage 1937……1945
a) Establishment of modern factories (chemical fertilizer, pig-iron and alcohol) 1937……1941
b) Conversion into munitions industry 1941……1945
3. Establishing stage 1945……1956
a) Restration to the pre-war standard (chemical fertilizer, cement and pig-iron 1945……1951
b) Remarkable development of food-stuff industry and iron manufacture (electric refining) 1951……1956
4. Completing stage 1956……1963
a) Development of food-stuff industry and iron-sand industry; and establishment of a thermal electric station and gas-works 1956……1958
b) Setting of integrated system of iron-sand industry (iron refinery-steel mill-rolling mill) 1958……1963
5. Modulating stage 1963……
Depression in iron and steel market; and new project of industrial city planning
On the other hand, on the basis of the distribution pattern of industrial works, Hachinohe is divided into the four areas:
1. Sa-me area Cold-strage, ice-making, lumbering and marine-products processing (canning, fodder and oils and fats)
2. Minato-Bajiri area
3. Konakano-Numadate-Kawaragi area
Iron and steel, machinery, ship construction and chemical industries
4. Hachinohe area (in a narrow sense)
Sake, bread and cakes, soft drinks, fresh milk, lumbering and publishing(ubiquitous industries)
Considering the functional relationship between industries and the vital power of industries, it should be understood that the manufacturing industry distributed in the Konakano-Numadate-Kawaragi area plays the most basic role in the industrial structure and the urban function of Hachinohe. Then, it sould be said that the “Hachinohe-industrial area” started in 1937 and established its framework in 1956, and in the decade it is changing its characters secondarily.
