オーストラリアの人口分布とその動態

抄録

Too small number of population, viz. only 2, 5 inhabitants per one square mile is geographical characteristic of Australia. Among its main factors, we can reckon the bad climatic condition as well as the Immigrant Law. Another characteristic of Australia population is that some 80% of it is concentrated upon several big cities. It does not come from the process of industrialization, but its features has been seen since the first stage of settlement. Next, we can divide the increase in population into three stages of development. The first stage was to 1790 from the discovery of this continent, and the second stage up to 1830, and the last stage till now since then. The first was the period of increase of 35 persons and more per 1000, and its industry was dominantly sheepraising which may be-said mono-culture. The second stage was the period of increase of some 20 per 1000, and its industry was characterised by many-sided farming. At this period, the Commonwealth started, the white Australian policy declared, and loyalty to the Great Britain was manifest. So we may call it Anglo Australia period. At the last stage however, the tendency to separate from the mother country was remarkable and she rejected even the immigrants from home country. So we can say this stage Australian-Australia period. Increase ratio was lessened to 10 or less per 1000. It means the stability of the Common wealth and shows stagnant condition of population. So if Australia's population might increase rapidly hereafter, Australia's geographical character would also change and results in the birth of new Australia.