2012 Volume 26 Issue 4 Pages 399-407
The lack of measuring techniques on complex multi-phase flows have restricted the studies within the observation of the flow patterns and the pressure drops with solids comparing those of air or water flow without solids or bubble loading. As a consequence of the progress in electronics devices and conventional laser sources which have become available with reasonable price for laboratory uses since the decade of 1980. The author will comment on the success and/or trap-pit in the measurements of several technical developments for particle and bubble flows.