As seen in the blood flows containing a large number of red blood cells, many of the flows in the human body are multiphase flows and their multiphase characteristics are effectively used to sustain the life. However, as research topics in the field of multiphase flows, the bio-medical topics are relatively new compared with the classical application such as nuclear engineering, chemical engineering etc. In this review paper, we pick up mainly two topics. One is the blood flows with red blood cells. The other is the microbubbles for the medical application. That is, microbubbles as ultrasound contrast agents and their utilization for the ultrasound therapy as thermal energy converter and drag delivery agents.

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The state-of-the-art of numerical simulation models and methods in gas-solid two-phase flows in powder technology field is briefly reviewed. Eulerian-Lagrangian coupling simulations have been largely developed in the last three decades,especially the DEM-CFD coupling simulation has become popular, and widely used in many operations of powder technology. It is expected that the mesoscopic flow models and two-fluid models will be improved by using the multiscale-modeling strategy.

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The lack of measuring techniques on complex multi-phase flows have restricted the studies within the observation of the flow patterns and the pressure drops with solids comparing those of air or water flow without solids or bubble loading. As a consequence of the progress in electronics devices and conventional laser sources which have become available with reasonable price for laboratory uses since the decade of 1980. The author will comment on the success and/or trap-pit in the measurements of several technical developments for particle and bubble flows.

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JAEA has been conducting diversified activities on the environmental remediation for Fukushima after the Great East Japan Earthquake, including radiation monitoring, decontamination demonstration, public communications, and related R&D. The decontamination pilot project was carried out in the off-limit and scheduled evacuation zones, where existing and/or improved clean-up techniques were tested their applicability and efficiency, waste storage was established, and how to secure workers' safety for radiation was investigated. Related R&D has also been continued, such as computer simulation for decontamination planning, and aircraft radiation monitoring.

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