Abstract
In this study, analgesic and sedative effects of pentazocine and diazepam were examined both with the suppression rate indicated by a new experimental method (Murayama et al.) of measuring pain response and with their clinical applications. A pair of electrodes were implanted into the pulp of each lower incisor of rabbits. After a week, the pulp was electrically stimulated through the electrodes in order to elicit the pain response. When the suitable stimulation was given, the movement corresponding to the intensity appeared in the lower jaw. The responses were recorded on oscillograph using a tension transducer. Since these movements were dose-dependently suppressed with morphine, each suppression degree correlated directly to that of analgesic condition. Based on this fact, the effects of pentazocine, diazepam and pentazocine-diazepam combination were examined. All drugs were administered intravenously. 1) Pentazocine of 4mg/kg acted similarly to morphine of 2mg/ kg for 90 minutes. 2) Combined application of pentazocine of 4mg/kg and diazepam of 0.4mg/kg showed similar effect to morhine of 4mg/kg for 90 minutes. 3) No analgesic effect appeared with a single usage of diazepam. Clinically, intravenous administration of pentazocine with diazepam brought about psychosedative condition on surgically treating patients. After the administration of pentazocine (0.6mg/kg) and diazepam (0.2mg/kg), sedative effect was obtained in 76.7 percent of cases. Although pulse rate was slightly increased, no significant change of blood pressure was observed. Concerning to the respiratory function, its slight suppression was observed, but clinically no treatment was required for it. Nausea and vomiting were seen in 11 cases (7 percent). In conclusion, the intravenous combined application of pentazocine and diazepam has a preferable analgesic and sedative effect for local anesthesia.
