球技選手の方向変換能力向上のためのジグザグ走の検討

抄録

The purpose of the study was to evaluate sprint time during zigzag running among short-distance track and field runners (n=9), long-distance track and field runners (n=10), basketball players (n=13), and soccer players (n=8), and to determine the ability of the various competitive groups to change their running direction. Zigzag running involved weaving through cones arranged along a 15-m line with 4 different intervals between the cones (i.e. 1, 1.5, 2, or 3 m). Also in a separate study, nine subjects performed zigzag running with the above four inter-cone intervals every day for 11 days to determine the interval that was most effective for improving their ability to change direction.
The results indicated that the basketball players had the best ability to change direction during zigzag running using all of the inter-cone intervals, while the short-distance track and field runners were the slowest at 1-m-width and 1.5-m-width zigzag running. Training failed to improve 1-m-width and 1.5-m-width zigzag running, but improved sprint time for the 2-m and 3-m inter-cone intervals (P<0.05).
In conclusion, zigzag running with an inter-cone interval of either 2 m or 3 m can significantly improve the ability of athletes to change direction in order to sidestep opponents, possibly due to the fact that ball game athletes are able to combine both open and closed steps in their running techniques, whereas only open steps are possible for intervals below 2 m.